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Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS): Questionnaire

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Symptom Burden Questionnaire for Long COVID (SBQ-LC)

Resource Type:
Survey/Questionnaire
Related Resources:
See list of available resources
Availability:
Use with Permission, No Cost but Request Required 
Common Data Elements:
No
Date Published:
01/04/2022
Date Record Updated:
03/31/2022
Description:
The Symptom Burden Questionnaire™ for Long COVID (SBQ™-LC) is a patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure and multi-domain item bank measuring symptom burden in adults (18+ years) with “post COVID-19 condition” or “Long COVID”. The SBQ™-LC comprises 16 independent scales measuring symptom severity (breathing; pain; circulation; fatigue; memory, thinking and communication; movement; sleep; ear, nose, and throat; stomach and digestion; muscles and joints; mental health and wellbeing; skin and hair; eyes; reproductive health (male/female); other symptoms) and a global interference scale. 131 items measure 123 symptoms using a 7-day recall period and require either a 4-point ordinal response scale or yes/no response. All scales can be administered to collect comprehensive symptom data or only those scales relating to symptom domains of particular interest can be administered. Completion time depends on the number of scales completed. An initial psychometric evaluation of SBQ™-LC has been completed using Rasch analysis (BMJ 2022). Development of the SBQ-LC was funded by the United Kingdom’s National Institute for Health Research and UKRI (Grant Number COV-LT-0013).

Additional Descriptors

  • Administered By:
  • Medical Professional, Researcher or Professional Interviewer, Self, Untrained Non-Expert
  • Administration Mode:
  • In-Person Interview, Online or Mobile App, Paper, Phone Interview
  • Administration Time:
  • Other
    • Other (write in): Completion time is dependent on number of scales selected as the SBQ-LC is a modular tool. To administer all 17 scales as paper-based PRO takes approximately 20 minutes. To administer as an ePRO via Atom5 which uses skip logic, completion time is approximately 10 minutes.
  • Ease of Use:
  • Moderate
  • Electronic Data Capture (EDC):
  • Other
    • Other (write in): Available as ePRO using Aparito Atom5 platform or paper-version can be migrated to any electronic platform by licensed user
  • Flesch-Kincaid Reading Level:
  • 100.00–90.00 (5th grade)
  • Language:
  • English
  • Number of Survey Questions :
  • 100+
  • Resource Type:
  • Survey/Questionnaire
  • Study Population:
  • Age, Special Population
    • Age: Adult
    • Special Population: Other
      • Other (write in): Clinical population of adults (18+ years) with post-COVID condition (Long COVID)
  • Event Type:
  • Infectious Disease Outbreak
  • Exposure Agent:
  • Biological or Infectious Agent
    • Biological or Infectious Agent: Virus
      • Virus: SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, MERS
        • SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, MERS: Long COVID/Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID (PASC)
  • Health Impact or Organ System:
  • Circulatory, Cardiovascular, Dermatological or Exocrine, Digestive or Excretory, Immune or Lymphatic, Mental Health or Well-Being, Neurological or Nervous System, Renal or Urinary, Reproductive, Respiratory, Skeletal
  • Special Topics:
  • Symptoms
  • Funding Source:
  • Academic Institution
    • Academic Institution Source Name: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), UK Research and Innovation (UKRI)
    • Academic Institution Grant Number: COV-LT-0013
Last Reviewed: March 18, 2026